A carregar...
Publicação
O método de lançamento incremental de pontes: abordagem com soluções lean na optimização do processo construtivo
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.7 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O Método de Lançamento Incremental (MLI) de pontes caracteriza-se pela construção da superestrutura de pontes com alta ciclagem, controlo geométrico, estaleiro eficiente e redução de interferências no meio envolvente. Paralelamente, os princípios da Lean Construction (LC) têm sido aplicados na construção civil com o objetivo de reduzir desperdícios e aumentar a eficiência dos processos. Neste contexto, a presente investigação aborda a lacuna existente relativamente ao conhecimento prático do MLI em contexto real de obra e à limitada integração entre o método construtivo e soluções Lean orientadas à mitigação de problemas operacionais, logísticos e técnicos.
A investigação teve como objetivo contribuir para a compreensão e otimização do processo construtivo de pontes executadas pelo MLI através da aplicação de ferramentas LC. Para isso, procurou-se detalhar as fases do processo construtivo, identificar vantagens, desvantagens e problemas recorrentes e propor soluções de otimização fundamentadas nos princípios Lean. Metodologicamente, o estudo foi desenvolvido através de revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa exploratória com profissionais experientes no MLI, síntese dos problemas identificados, seleção de ferramentas LC adequadas, desenvolvimento de propostas de otimização e validação das soluções propostas.
Os resultados permitiram identificar problemas relacionados com planeamento, coordenação entre projeto e obra, controlo geométrico, gestão de materiais, controlo tecnológico do betão e condições operacionais e de segurança. Posteriormente realizou-se uma proposta de Framework com agregação de ferramentas LC, como Last Planner System (LPS), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Visual Management (VM), Total Productivity Maintenance (TPM) e Kaizen, como resposta aos problemas identificados na bibliografia e no estudo exploratório, para a melhoria do fluxo de trabalho e redução de desperdícios ao longo do ciclo construtivo. A validação da proposta revelou elevada aceitação quanto à sua relevância prática e aplicabilidade, ainda que tenham sido sugeridos pequenos ajustamentos operacionais.
Conclui-se que a integração entre o conhecimento técnico do MLI e os princípios da LC contribui para um processo construtivo mais previsível, seguro e eficiente, reforçando a importância do planeamento integrado, da qualificação das equipas e da melhoria contínua. A investigação fornece ainda uma base metodológica para futuras aplicações e adaptações das soluções propostas a diferentes contextos de obra e métodos construtivos de pontes.
The Incremental Launching Method (ILM) for bridges is characterised by the construction of the superstructure with high cycle repetition, precise geometric control, an efficient casting yard and reduced interference with the surrounding environment. In parallel, the principles of Lean Construction (LC) have been applied in the construction sector with the aim of reducing waste and increasing process efficiency. In this context, the present research addresses the existing gap regarding practical knowledge of ILM in real construction environments and the limited integration between this construction method and Lean-based solutions aimed at mitigating operational, logistical and technical problems. The study aimed to contribute to the understanding and optimisation of the construction process of bridges executed with ILM through the application of LC tools. To this end, the research sought to detail the phases of the construction process, identify recurring advantages, disadvantages and problems, and propose optimisation solutions grounded in Lean principles. Methodologically, the study was developed through a literature review, an exploratory survey with professionals experienced in ILM, synthesis of the identified problems, selection of appropriate LC tools, development of optimisation proposals and validation of the proposed solutions. The results made it possible to identify problems related to planning, coordination between design and construction, geometric control, materials management, concrete quality control and operational and safety conditions. Subsequently, a framework was proposed, aggregating LC tools such as Last Planner System (LPS), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Visual Management (VM), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and Kaizen as a response to the problems identified in the literature and in the exploratory study, with the aim of improving workflow and reducing waste throughout the construction cycle. Validation of the proposed framework revealed a high level of acceptance regarding its practical relevance and applicability, although small operational adjustments were suggested. It is concluded that the integration between ILM technical knowledge and LC principles contributes to a more predictable, safer and more efficient construction process, reinforcing the importance of integrated planning, team qualification and continuous improvement, and providing a methodological basis for future applications and adaptations of the proposed solutions to different construction contexts and bridge construction methods.
The Incremental Launching Method (ILM) for bridges is characterised by the construction of the superstructure with high cycle repetition, precise geometric control, an efficient casting yard and reduced interference with the surrounding environment. In parallel, the principles of Lean Construction (LC) have been applied in the construction sector with the aim of reducing waste and increasing process efficiency. In this context, the present research addresses the existing gap regarding practical knowledge of ILM in real construction environments and the limited integration between this construction method and Lean-based solutions aimed at mitigating operational, logistical and technical problems. The study aimed to contribute to the understanding and optimisation of the construction process of bridges executed with ILM through the application of LC tools. To this end, the research sought to detail the phases of the construction process, identify recurring advantages, disadvantages and problems, and propose optimisation solutions grounded in Lean principles. Methodologically, the study was developed through a literature review, an exploratory survey with professionals experienced in ILM, synthesis of the identified problems, selection of appropriate LC tools, development of optimisation proposals and validation of the proposed solutions. The results made it possible to identify problems related to planning, coordination between design and construction, geometric control, materials management, concrete quality control and operational and safety conditions. Subsequently, a framework was proposed, aggregating LC tools such as Last Planner System (LPS), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Visual Management (VM), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and Kaizen as a response to the problems identified in the literature and in the exploratory study, with the aim of improving workflow and reducing waste throughout the construction cycle. Validation of the proposed framework revealed a high level of acceptance regarding its practical relevance and applicability, although small operational adjustments were suggested. It is concluded that the integration between ILM technical knowledge and LC principles contributes to a more predictable, safer and more efficient construction process, reinforcing the importance of integrated planning, team qualification and continuous improvement, and providing a methodological basis for future applications and adaptations of the proposed solutions to different construction contexts and bridge construction methods.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Palavras-chave
Pontes Lançamento incremental Lean Processo construtivo Gestão Otimização