CIMO - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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- Chemical characterization of Cistus ladanifer L. phenolic extract and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.Publication . Marx, Ítala; Ardohain, Elizandra; Rodrigues, Paula; Afonso, Andreia; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Dias, Maria Inês; Barros, Lillian; Heleno, Sandrina A.Botrytis bunch rot, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is an important disease of grapevines in temperate climates worldwide. It can cause extensive economic losses through grape desiccation, rot, and biochemical changes that reduce wine quality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify new compounds, especially natural ones, that are active against B. cinerea. Biofungi cides from plant origin have been recommended to reduce viticulture’s dependence upon synthetic fungicides for the last decades [1]. Cistus (Cistus ladanifer L.) is a perennial shrub from the Cistaceae family that can be found in abundance in the Mediterranean's marginal fields [2]. Moreover, cistus phenolic extract has been described as a potential antifungal agent, due to its interesting phenolic composition, including ellagitannins and flavonoids [3]. In this sense, the present study evaluated the antifungal potential of a phenolic extract of C. ladanifer from Northeastern Portugal, against B. cinerea. Dry leaves from cistus were extracted by maceration using ethanol: water (80:20 v/v) as solvent. The phenolic extracts were characterized by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS and evaluated for their capacity to inhibit B. cinerea using the microdilution method. Ellagic acid derivatives (24.3 mg/g extract; 83.8%), flavonoids (3.93 mg/g extract; 13.6%), such as flavonols and flavones; phenolic acids, and derivatives (0.76 mg/g extract; 2.6%), were found in the sample (Figure 1). The most abundant group was ellagic acid derivatives in which punicalagin and punicalagin gallate, were found in the highest amounts (13.3±0.9 and 11±2 mg/g extract, respectively), being these results in line with previous studies [3]. The extract revealed an interesting capacity to inhibit the growth of B. cinerea at a concentration of 10 mg/mL, which could be related with the high composition in ellagitannins. Considering the bioactivity of cistus phenolic extract, this natural product could be applied as an alternative to synthetic fungicides used in the prevention and treatment of fungal infections in grapevine, minimizing the environmental and health impacts caused by these chemical agents.
- Do Zooplankton diversity-environment relationships derivedfrom space-for-time-substitution surveys actually represent any lakes?Publication . Stockwell, Jason; Symons, Celia; Figary, Stephanie; Alcocer, Javier; Alfonso, María B.; Anneville, Orlane; Geraldes, Ana Maria; Beklioğlu, Meryem; Beyer, Jessica; Blank, Kätlin; Bruel, Rosalie; Burnet, Sarah; Caroni, Rossana; Chandra, Sudeep; Christoffersen, Kirsten Seestern; Cortés, Alicia; Crispim, Maria Cristina; Warren Currie; Eyto, Elvira de; DeGasperi, Curtis; Diovisalvi, Nadia; Dondajewska-Pielka, Renata; Doubek, Jonathan; Dur, Gaël; Ersoy, Zeynep; Fernández, Rocío; Fontanarrosa, María Soledad; Gideon, Gal; García-Girón, Jorge; Ger, Kemal Ali; Goldyn, Ryszard; Guo, Fen; Hambright, K. David; Somia, Raslen; Jeppesen, Erik; Kainz, Martin; Kowalczewska-Madura, Katarzyna; Kuczyńska-Kippen, Natalia; Laas, Alo; Leoni, Barbara; López-Vázquez, Mercedes; Manca, Marina; Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro; Matthews, Blake; Merz,Ewa; Moe, Jannicke; Muñoz-Colmenares, Manuel; Nejstgaard, Jens; Obertegger, Ulrike; Oseguera, Luis A.; Paterson, Michael; Piscia, Roberta; Molina, Florencia Rojas; Rudstam, Lars; Rusak, James A.; Rusanovskaya, Olga O.; Salmaso, Nico; Sarvala, Jouko; Seda, Jaromír; Silow, Eugene; Soininen, Janne; Tartarotti, Barbara; Tavşanoğlu, Ülkü Nihan; Thackeray, Stephen; Timofeyev, Maxim; Zagarese, Horacio; Znachor, PetrSpace-For-Time-Substitution (SFTS) surveys are used todescribe zooplankton community structure, assess lakehealth, and forecast lake responses to environmental change. SFTS surveys combine single-point sampling from many lakes to evaluate zooplankton community structure and dynamics (e.g., abundance, diversity) and their responses to ecogeographical gradients in key environmental drivers (e.g., temperature, salinity), instead of tracking such responses in individual lakes. However, there liability and reproducibility of estimating temporal dynamics from models of SFTS survey data have yet to betested against observed community dynamics within lakes distributed worldwide. We use a recently compiled global dataset (292 lakes, 38 countries, 6 continents) of lake zooplankton time series to estimate the relationship between zooplankton diversity and potential environmental drivers using simulated SFTS surveys. We then apply the results to lakes with long-term time series to compare relationships derived from SFTS surveys with the historical dynamics of individual lakes. We expect that zooplankton dynamics in lakes from less variable thermal regions (i.e.,low and high latitudes) will not be well represented by temperature relationships derived from SFTS surveys. Testing biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships and their drivers requires adequate temporally and spatially resolved data. We provide a global perspective on thedesign of monitoring programs that include zooplankton and examine the reliability of zooplankton biodiversity patterns observed in SFTS surveys.
- Dry purification of ethanolic biodiesel through adsorption using almond shell based materialsPublication . Mezzalira, Melissa Giacomet; Gomes, Maria Carolina Sérgi; Queiroz, Ana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, PauloPetroleum-based fuels and non-renewable sources remain dominant in the global energy supply, meeting 80% of global energy demand in 2023. However, using these non-renewable fuels results in significant emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, including greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). In this context, biodiesel is a potential alternative to meet global energy demand as a substitute for non- renewable fuels, as itis considered one of the best alternatives to diesel due to its comparable properties, not requiring majoramendments in machines with combustion motors, biodegradability, and renewable advantages. Biodiesel is usually produced through a transesterification reaction using different sources of triglycerides, primarily edible vegetable oils. However, waste cooking oil (WCO) is an excellent feedstock alternative, as it is a waste product generated in significant quantities by the food industry, often improperly discarded, causing environmental harm. Biodiesel purification is another important step in the process, as contaminants such as glycerol can damage engines, requiring their removal before the fuel can be commercialized. Several purification methods can be applied, the most common being wet washing, which uses large amounts of water to solubilize glycerol and other impurities in biodiesel. However, more sustainable methods like dry washing involving adsorbent materials are currently under extensive study. Hence, this study aims to produce and characterize activated carbon derived from almond shells, evaluating its use in purifying the ethanolic biodiesel produced from WCO. In this work, biodiesel was produced via an ethanolic route with a 1:7.5 oil/ethanol molar ratio and NaOH catalyst load of 0.5%(w/w). Furthermore, the activated carbon was chemically activated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and carbonized at 550°C for 1 hour, achieving a carbonization yield of 59.4%(w/w). The materials were characterized by the determination of the point of zero charge (pHPZC) and the quantification of functional groups present on the material's surface. Activation with H₃PO₄ had an impact on the materials’ characteristics, as evidenced by the decrease, from 6.48 to 4.96, in the pHPZC value compared to that of the raw material, given that the number of acid groups on the surface of the materials exhibits higher values after activation. The activated carbon materials will be tested for their capacity to remove glycerol from crude ethanolic biodiesel, aiming to meet the quality standard specified by EN14214, which sets the maximum biodiesel free glycerol content at 0.02%(w/w).
- Effect of drying process and incorporation of natural preservatives in the viability of lactic acid bacteria in yogurtsPublication . Ueda, Jonata Massao; Rodrigues, Paula; Barros, Lillian; Morales, Patricia; Carocho, Márcio; Heleno, Sandrina A.Dairy products are considered one of the most consumed foods in the world, and yogurts are highly demanded for their flavour and nutritional properties, also including macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, or probiotics offered. To avoid food waste, alternatives to preserve food are highlighted, such as the addition of food preservatives or the production of powdered foods. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the survival of total lactic acid bacteria when natural extracts (rosemary, basil, and sage) were incorporated into yogurts, as well as to investigate their viability after the freezedrying process. Yogurts were prepared in the laboratory, and lyophilised plant extracts (30 mg/kg) were added. Total lactic acid bacteria were analysed for 14 days, in addition to evaluating the lactic acid and lactose contents by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-RI, respectively. Subsequently, the viability of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus were evaluated in freeze-dried yogurts without the addition of vegetable extracts. Regarding the results obtained, there was a slight increase in the lactic acid bacteria counts, in addition to an increase in lactic acid and a reduction in the lactose content over 14 days, confirming the yogurt fermentation process. For the viability of S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus during the lyophilisation process, a slight reduction of both bacteria was observed, but within the limits established by the Codex Standards (minimum of 107CFU/g). Therefore, the incorporation of plant extracts and the freeze-drying process did not significantly change the yogurts regarding the viability of the lactic acid bacteria, remaining a probiotic food.
- Environmental Drivers of Nightversus Day Zooplankton Populationestimates In Lakes Around the WorldPublication . Goldfarb, Sadye K.; Doubek, Jonathan; Geraldes, Ana Maria; Armengol, Xavier; Avilés-Vargas, Lidia; Bartrons, Mireia; Bartrons, Mireia; Kankılıç, Gökben Başaran; Berger, Stella; Bess, Zach; Brentrup, Jannifer; Brucet, Sandra; Bruesewitz, Denise; Calderó-Pascual, Maria; Carey, Cayelan C.; Chandra, Sudeep; Chapina, Rosaura; Eyto, Elvira de; Erdoğan, Şeyda; Erina, Oxana; Figary, Stephanie; Gerrish, Gretchen; Glass, Lucas; Brett, Johnson; Kainz, Martin; Kalingali, Anthony; Khan, Samiullah; Kimirei, Ismael; Leoni, Barbara; Lepori, Fabio; McCarthy, Valerie; Nava, Veronica; Nejstgaard, Jens; Ogorelec, Ziga; O'Reilly, Catherine; Pate, William; Paterson, Michael; Pinheiro-Silva, Lorena; Qiu, Qianlinglin; Richardson, David; Rusak, James A.; Silver, Douglas; Straile, Dietmar; Suenaga, Erin; Tartarotti, Barbara; Tavşanoğlu, Ülkü Nihan; Tereshina, Maria; Umaña-Villalobos, Gerardo; Walles, Tim; Wander, Heather; Wurtsbaugh, Wayne; Xu, Yaoyang; Zhikharev, Vyacheslav; Stockwell, JasonZooplankton play vital roles in aquatic food webs by grazingon phytoplankton, which affects water quality, andtransferring energy to higher trophic levels. In freshwaterlakes, zooplankton commonly exhibit diel vertical andhorizontal migration. During the day, zooplankton descendto deeper waters, or seek refuge in littoral areas or thesediment-water interface, to avoid visual predators, andthen migrate to open water at night to feed. Consequently,zooplankton may exhibit higher density and biomass atnight versus the day, and estimates and perceptions ofzooplankton dynamics can change with the time of daysampling occurs. To better understand these dielzooplankton differences and their environmental drivers, weconducted a standardized global campaign to samplecrustacean zooplankton in the full water column at day andnight in the pelagic zone of 40 lakes. The lakes spanned agradient in trophic state, size, and other variables such asdissolved oxygen (DO). Mesotrophic and eutrophic lakesexhibited greater zooplankton biomass at night versus daywhile oligotrophic lakes did not. Crustacean zooplanktonhad higher biomass at night versus day in lakes at lowerelevation, with higher chlorophyll a concentration, and lowerhypolimnetic DO levels. Lake area and depth were notrelated to diel zooplankton density or biomass. We provideone of the first global, standardized studies onenvironmental drivers of day versus night zooplanktonpopulation estimates. This study has importantramifications for our understanding of zooplankton ecologyand for sampling regimens.
- Estrogen removal through adsorption by carbon materials prepared from biomass wastes: A reviewPublication . Exposto, Bruno Marques; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, Paulo; Ribeiro, António E.Environmental impacts are an ever-growing concern in various industrial and economic sectors that produce wastes such as heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, surfactants, and petroleum derivatives. These substances can be classified as emerging pollutants due to their increasing concentration in water bodies and living beings. Since many of these substances can only be found in very low concentrations, in micrograms per liter ( g/L) or nanograms per liter (ng/L), they can also be classified as micropollutants. One type of micropollutant that has been especially concerning are endocrine disruptors, composed of natural hormones, such as estrone (estrogen E1) and 17 -estradiol (estrogen E2), and synthetic hormones, such as 17 -ethinylestradiol (estrogen EE2). Endocrine disruptors can deregulate the endocrine system of both humans and animals and, due to their nature as micropollutants, are not effectively removed by conventional processes in wastewater treatment plants. To establish a state-of-the-art in the particular field of alternative treatment methods based on adsorption, previous studies were selected with topics such as estrogen molecules removed, adsorbent activation type, adsorption capacity, and best fit for isotherm and kinetic models. Hence, a few relevant literature studies concerning biomass waste-based materials.
- Estrogen removal through adsorption on carbon materials prepared from biomass wastes: A reviewPublication . Exposto, Bruno Marques; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, Paulo; Ribeiro, António E.Due to the rapid urbanization and industrialization of our world, inadequate waste disposal into land and aqueous matrices has been a deepening environmental and health concern. Substances such as pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, pesticides, surfactants, and petroleum derivatives can be classified as emerging pollutants, thanks to their ever-growing presence and accumulation in the biosphere, especially inwater bodies and even in our domestic drinking water1. Many of these emerging pollutants can also be classified as micropollutants, since they can harm living beings in very low concentrations, in the magnitude of micrograms per liter(ug/L) or nanograms per liter(ng/L)2.
- Evaluation of the preservative capacity of Brassica oleracea var. Acephala extract in a bakery product.Publication . Pepinelli, Ana Luísa; Oliveira, Tatiane C. G.; Caleja, Cristina; Heleno, Sandrina A.; Rodrigues, Paula; Gonçalves, Odinei Hess; Oliveira, María B. P. P.; Barros, Lillian; Pereira, ElianaOver the years, the consumer’s preference for more natural and healthier products have been noticed. These changes have led the industry and scientific community to focus on finding possible ingredients that can act as substitutes for synthetic preservatives in food products. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a natural ingredient obtained from Brassica oleracea var. Acephala biowastes as a substitute for synthetic preservatives in milk bread. For this, a rich phenolic compound extract was obtained by maceration and then lyophilised and incorporated into the food matrix. Physical, nutritional, and microbiological parameters were evaluated at a 0 and 3 storage days, and the results were compared with a control milk bread (without additives) and milk bread with the synthetic preservative sorbic acid, which is commonly used in the food industry. The results showed that the addition of the natural ingredient increased the mineral content and had a positive effect in protecting from the growth mesophilic microorganisms in milk bread. However, an adjustment in the concentration of this ingredient is necessary, for better effectiveness in the preserving action, since in previous tests, the extract presented antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of great interest. Even so, it is possible to verify that the Brassica oleracea var. Acephala extract may be considered as a potential alternative to synthetic preservatives in bakery products.
- Exploring the antimicrobial potential of Castanea sativa Mill. flowers and Eucalyptus globulus L. leaves against grape pathogensPublication . Marx, Ítala; Ardohain, Elizandra; Rodrigues, Paula; Afonso, Andreia; Oliveira, Izamara; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Carocho, Márcio; Barros, Lillian; Heleno, Sandrina A.The bioactive potential of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) flowers and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus L.) leaves, which are residual resources of the industry processing in northern and central Portugal, has been recognized [1,2]. Thus, the use of these by-products as sources of bioactive compounds would not only add value to plant materials but also contribute to environmental sustainability [1,3]. In this sense, the present study aimed to investigate the bioactive potential of chestnut flowers and eucalyptus leaves for the extraction of phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The phenolic composition of cv. Longal C. sativa male flowers and E. globulus leaves was extracted and characterized using HPLC-DAD/ESI- MS. The antimicrobial potential of these extracts against food contaminants, including grape pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea, was evaluated using the microdilution method. Trigalloyl- HHDP-glucoside and digalloylglucose were identified as the major hydrolysable tannins in chestnut flowers and eucalyptus leaves, respectively. The phenolic distribution in plants extracts was 75% of hydrolysable tannins, and 25% of flavonoids for chestnut flowers, while for eucalyptus leaves, the phenolic profile was 74% of hydrolysable tannins, 15% of flavonoids, and in lower concentration, phenolic acids, corresponding to 11%. The extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms and inhibited the growth of B. cinerea at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. Therefore, these by-products could serve as potential sources of antimicrobial compounds for use in the wine industry, providing a natural alternative to artificial antimicrobials and protecting grapes from B. cinerea infections. Finally, the use these extracts would not only add value to plant by-products but also contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing waste from the agro-industries.
- In vitro evaluation of plant extracts as antifungal agents against Botrytis cinerea.Publication . Marx, Ítala; Ardohain, Elizandra; Rodrigues, Paula; Barros, Lillian; Heleno, Sandrina A.Grapevine bunch rot, caused by Botrytis cinerea, causes important economic losses every year in grape production [1]. However, indiscriminate use of pesticides to control this disease leads to serious problems such as consumer intoxication and the emergence of populations of pathogens resistant to fungicides. In this sense, the development of new natural ingredients against B. cinerea is of paramount relevance. Plant extracts are a valuable source of a wide variety of biologically active chemical defense constituents. Several plant bioactive compounds have been identified as possible antifungal agents, also associated with their antioxidant properties [2]. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds (concentration of 10 mg/mL, each) on mycelial growth of B. cinerea in vitro. In this study, three formulations of plant extracts were evaluated (PreVine 1, PreVine 2 and PreVine 3). Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium was prepared with agar and enriched with the three formulations of plant extracts. Negative control (CTR -) was treated only with water, and the positive control (CTR +) was treated with the conventional fungi cide Teldor® (active substance fenhexamid), concentration of 0.075 mg/mL. The obtained results demonstrated that all plant extracts formulations revealed the capacity to inhibit the growth of B. cinerea. The inhibitory potential was greater for PreVine 1, being responsible for inhibiting the growth of B. cinerea by 64% at 9 days of incubation, when compared to the control samples. As regards to the growth rate, plant extracts were able to reduce this parameter from 1.8391 (CTR -) to 1.2051 cm/day (PreVine 1). The positive antifungal activity of the plant extracts assessed, especially for the PreVine 1, could be attributed to their varied bioactive composition, such as several classes of phenolic compounds (i.e., flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins). In fact, these plant extracts have been described as source of compounds with biological activity against grape pathogens, by promoting a disruption of fungal cell membranes, inhibiting fungal enzymes and/ or inducing oxidative stress in fungal cells [3,4]. Considering the potential antifungal properties of these plant extracts formulations, these natural formulations could be candidates for application grape and wine industries as biofungicides, acting against grape pathogens, such asB. cinerea, decreasing, or avoiding the use of chemical fungicides.
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