ESTiG - Artigos em Revistas Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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- Artificial intelligence in inclusive education: a bibliometric analysis of trends, opportunities and ethical challengesPublication . Cardim, Sofia; Fernandes, AnaThis study explores the multifaceted role of artificial intelligence (AI) in inclusive education, focusing on identifying global research trends, thematic structures, and emerging technological challenges. As AI tools and generative algorithms become increasingly embedded within contemporary educational contexts, a comprehensive understanding of their implications for classroom inclusion, accessibility, and systemic equity has become essential for sustainable development. The study adopts a rigorous bibliometric research design, analyzing 426 peer-reviewed documents indexed in the Scopus database to systematically map the field's intellectual and conceptual architecture over time. Utilizing VOSviewer for advanced keyword co-occurrence and network density visualization analysis, the research delineates five dominant thematic clusters: AI computational frameworks, adaptive pedagogical practices, learner diversity in special education, system accessibility and digital equity, and educational technology infrastructure. The empirical findings reveal a significant, accelerated convergence between technological innovation and inclusive pedagogy, specifically within personalized learning paradigms and assistive interface design. However, the synthesized literature concurrently underscores severe ethical anxieties, notably algorithmic bias, data privacy vulnerabilities, and the reinforcement of the digital divide. The study contributes to academic literature by providing a theoretically grounded, structured mapping of current scholarship and establishing distinct future research directions. It offers critical, evidence-based insights for educators and policymakers aiming to responsibly leverage AI to foster truly equitable, responsive, and transformative learning environments.
- Evolution of inclusive education policies in PortugalPublication . Cardim, Sofia; Fernandes, Ana MaiaInclusive education in Portugal has undergone significant transformation over recent decades, driven byshifts in social, political, and legal frameworks that reflect a growing commitment to human rights and equalaccess to education. The movement from a historically segregated model to an integrated approa ch, catalysed by the Salamanca Declaration of 1994, has been pivotal in shaping contemporary educational practices. This study analyses how Portuguese policies on special needs education have evolved from the 1970s to the present and examines their impleme ntation in practice in compulsory education. The primary objectives are to analyse the impact of key legislative changes, particularly Decree Law 3/2008 and Decree Law 54/2018, on the inclusivity of the education system and to assess how these policies hav e been operationalized in schools. The findings reveal that while significant progress has been made in integrating students with special needs into mainstream education, challenges remain in achieving uniform implementation and in ensuring that all educat ional professionals are adequately prepared to support diverse learning needs. The shift towards a more flexible and personalized educational approach, as mandated by recent legislation and inspired by the Salamanca principles, marks a crucial step towards a more inclusive education system.