CIMO - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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- Ethnobotanical Heritage and Flora Conservation in the Barroso Ecoregion: Sustaining Traditions in Transboundary areasPublication . Andrade, C.; Alves, P.; Serrano, M.; Pacheco, G.; Aguiar, Carlos; Vila-Viçosa, C.The Barroso region, located in northern Portugal near the Portugal-Spain border and adjacent to Galicia, is recognized for its rich ethnobotanical heritage, with around 100 plant species utilized for medicinal, culinary, and agricultural purposes. Part of the Eurosiberian Region, specifically the Cantabro-Atlantic Province, the region’s flora is dominated by the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Poaceae, which together account for a significant portion of the cataloged species—Asteraceae making up 25%, Fabaceae 18%, and Poaceae 15%. These families are integral to the region’s traditional knowledge and practic es, and are used for their medicinal properties, Fabaceae species like Medicago and Trifolium for agricultural practices, and Poaceae species like Agrostis, Arrhenatherum, Poa and Festuca contributing to pasture and meadow ecosystems. Despite this botanical richness, several species face significant conservation threats, including Pinus sylvestris (EN), Valeriana o ici nalis subsp. o icinalis (EN), Sorbus aria (CR), Polygonum bistorta (CR), Selinum broteri (VU), Arnica montana subsp. atlantica (NT), and Veronica micrantha (NT). The border with Galicia hosts populations of some of the most endangered species of the Iberian northwest, such as Klasea legionensis (CR) or Thymelaea broteriana (EN), which have one of their main threats in the massive human depopulation and the loss of traditional management knowledge that a ects this mountain border area. Additionally, the region harbors some of Portugal’s best-preserved yew woodlands (habitat 9580), and large areas of mixed Quercus pyrenaica and Q. orocantabrica forests (habitat 9230), riparian Betula celtiberica woodlands (habitat 91E0) and hay-meadows (habitat 6510). Half of the territory’s surface consists of communal property, covered by a diverse mosaic of mountain mesic heathland (habitat 4030), humid heathlands (habitat 4010 and 4020), perennial herbaceous grassland (including Nardus stricta grassland, habitat 6230) and minerotrophic mires (habitat 7140). This complex landscape is main tained through a traditional grazing system featuring the Barrosã cow, an indigenous bovine breed. Empirical knowledge surrounding these species is deeply embedded in the cultural identity of local communities. However, habitat degradation and the decline of traditional agricultural and pastoral practices threaten both biodiversity and the preservation of ethnobotanical knowledge. Barroso is currently the Portuguese region with the highest number of fire ignitions and the highest ratio of annual wildfire area to total area. Conservation e orts are essential to sustain Barroso’s distinctive landscapes and habitats, including oak forests, high-altitude meadows, heathlands and mires, which support a range of endemic and endangered species. Geobotanical studies highlight the importance of specific plant communities in maintaining ecological balance and cultural heritage. The traditional land-use practices of northern Portuguese mountainsplay a crucial role in conserving these habitats. Traditional (indigenous) fire practices or, its substitute, o icial prescribed fires, and the maintenance of hay meadows (Habitat 6510) are critical for the preservation of peripheral habitats, including oak and birch woodlands and peatlands. These culturally rooted systems integrate traditional knowledge with modern conservation approaches, enhancing biodiversity, reducing wildfire risks, and preserving the cultural landscapes that define Barroso.The Barroso-Galicia transboundary region exemplifies a complex interplay between ethnobotanical richness and conservation challenges. A comprehensive understanding of the area’s biogeographical and cultural characteristics, combined with sustainable management practices, is essential to address these issues e ectively and secure the long-term preservation of biodiversity and traditional knowledge.
- High prevalence of the F290L amitraz-resistance allele in varroa destructor populations from PortugalPublication . Costa, Maíra; Sánchez, Sara; Lopes, Ana Rita; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Pérez-Pérez, Antonio; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Higes, Mariano; Pinto, M. Alice; Henriques, DoraThe Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) has a crucial role in pollination and apicultural production but faces a major threat from the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. This parasite causes varroosis and acts as a vector for multiple viruses, undermining colony health and survival. Chemical control relies mainly on two classes of synthetic acaricides: pyrethroids (fluvalinate and flumethrin) and formamidines (amitraz). However, the repeated and prolonged use of these compounds has promoted the development of resistance in V. destructor populations. Amitraz resistance has been associated with mutations in the Octopamine-like β-adrenergic receptor (Octβ2R), including N87S (France), Y215H (USA), F290L (Spain), and Y337F (Turkey). Until now, the distribution of these resistance alleles had not been investigated in Portugal. To address this gap, mites collected from different regions of the country were analysed through DNA extraction, PCR with specific primers, and Sanger sequencing. The results revealed an unexpectedly high frequency (98.3%) of the F290L allele, which has also been reported in Spanish populations, suggesting a strong potential selective pressure resulting from the prolonged use of amitraz. This atypically high frequency raises important questions regarding the origin and evolutionary trajectory of this resistance allele in Portugal. Therefore, a retrospective analysis of mite samples collected before the widespread adoption of amitraz is proposed. This approach will clarify whether the F290L allele was already present in ancestral V. destructor populations or whether its current prevalence arose from recent selective pressure. Integrating this data will be essential for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of resistance and for supporting the development of more effective monitoring and management strategies against this parasite.
- Mitochondrial DNA Variability in the Honey bee Apis mellifera L., Implications for ConservationPublication . Vella, Cristina; Lanfranco, Sandro; Hernández, Raquel Martín; Higes, Mariano; Nanetti, Antonio; Pinto, M. Alice; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Henriques, Dora; Cilia, Giovanni; Sagastume De Andrés, Soledad; Adjlane, Noureddine; Al Shagour, Banan; Al Daour, Ahmad; Muz, Mustafa Necati; Muz, Dilek; Hosri, Chadi; Zammit Mangion, Marion; Galea, ThomasThe Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is a keystone species that plays a vital role in maintaining environmental health and agricultural productivity. However, it faces significant threats, including indiscriminate pesticide use, parasite ecosystem expansion, climate change, and the uncontrolled importation of non-native subspecies. The PRIMA project MEDIBEES (Monitoring the Mediterranean Honey Bee Subspecies and Their Resilience to Climate Change for Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems) aims to identify the current genetic structure of native honey bee populations across the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions to help support breeding programmes and conservation efforts. A. mellifera subspecies may be classified into four major mitochondrial DNA lineages: A (Africa), M (Western and Northern Europe), C (Eastern and Central Europe) and O (Western and Central Asia), each of which is sub-divided into a number of haplotypes. The occurrence of non-native lineages is a strong indicator of introduction of foreign subspecies. In this study, the mtDNA tRNA-COII region of over 1,344 DNA samples was amplified using standard PCR methods, sequenced and then analysed using Geneious Prime 2024 software. These samples were collected from the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions including A.m. ligustica (Italy), A.m. siciliana (Italy, Sicily), A.m. cypria (Cyprus), A.m. syriaca (Jordan and Lebanon), A.m. ruttneri (Malta), A.m. meda (Iran), A.m. anatoliaca and A.m. caucasica (Turkey), A.m. jemenitica (UAE and Oman), A.m. sahariensis (Morocco and Algeria), A.m. macedonica (Greece) and A.m. intermissa (Algeria). Results indicate that lineage C, typical of A.m. ligustica and A.m. carnica, was present in a number of studied samples, suggesting the introduction of non-native C lineage subspecies through the importation of commercially managed colonies. This presentation will focus on describing the current distribution of mtDNA haplotypes within these subspecies as well as evidence of non-native lineages, indicating the possible introduction of other subspecies into these regions. The implications of the data including insights into the movement and transfer of subspecies in these areas and potential impact on local beekeeping practices will be discussed.